i. Middle East & North Africa (from colonization to Orwellian World)
Part 1.
Part 1.
Just as Orwell’s Animal Farm was well intended by all animal to treat each other with fairness and equality, the revolutions spreading throughout the Middle-East and North Africa Since the end of colonization era in the 20th century, have intended to create employment for all, equity with western powers, establish their own values, and be fair to all their citizens. In a way, revolutions are continuing, yet, as in the Animal Farm, Old Benjamins, continue their obstinate ways, would it be lack of volunteering, lack of ethics, or lack of propensity to move anything forward. Although the barn was liberated but the old animosities and rivalries were replaced by the ones among the animals as was the case between Napoleon and Snowball (two of the characters of the Animal Farm). So is the irony of revolutions, uprisings, and alike. In a cycle of life, animals of the Farm, long after the revolution, some became more equal than others while many of them dead and forgotten. Yet, production remained the same, old injustices were replaced with new ones, and democracy was a temporary phase making the change possible to a new Farm.
Extending from lower Asia to the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Eden, Black Sea, and Mediterranean, Middle East is riddled with ethnicities, tribes, and ancient animosities that do not lend themselves to harmony, regional cooperation creating any sustainable economic development. The Middle Eastern cultural complexities defy any Hofsdate’s cultural dimensions. Their rivalries is embedded in and at multiple levels of cross borders, cross tribal boundaries, cross cultural, cross ethnicities, cross religious, and cross language differences, hindering the region incapable of becoming a unified region competing effectively in a globalized world Global Issues. This prelude provides the context to the dialectical changes in the political economy of the region in the globalized world that I will address next.
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